We recommend the application of antifouling paints with a minimum of 2 coats. A dry film thickness of 50 microns per coat (wet film
thickness of 100 microns), and in total a dry film thickness of 100 microns (wet film thickness of 200 microns) are reached. For a
period of protection longer than one season, we recommend the application of 3 coats, with in total a dry film thickness of 150 microns
(wet film thickness of 300 microns).

Antifouling paints are products strenghtened with several different chemicals, in order to ensure their protection properties. The
effectiveness of these products is tested and their performance confirmed at their actual state. There is no need to include further
additives, because extra additives which will be put in, can cause problems like settling, curdling, dissociation in the paint and can
make the general performance of the paint fail.

In cases where the boat stays not in the sea, the application of antifouling paints is not necessary. Antifouling paints cease their
function after the loss of their contact with water and after they have dried at land. For this reason, the use of antifouling paints is not
recommended on boats staying at land. Cleaning with sponge or pressurized water after removing the boat from the sea, will provide
the elimination of mosses and algae occurred under the boat.

The resistance of epoxy base paints to become yellowish and their color conservation capability is poor. When they are subjected to
direct sun rays they create problems like chalking, calcinification, becoming yellowish, discoloration. Although their chemical and
physical resistances are not affected, their visual and esthetic properties in outer environment are affected. Therefore, painting the
outer sections with epoxy paints is not recommended for yachts, cutters, sailboats and other non commercial leisure boats.

Application with spray gun is recommended for getting the best performance from polyurethane paints. However, application with
roller or brush can also be done. For this, you shall use the brush – roller thinner Teknomarin Polyurethane Tiner 8004. The thinner
ratio used at brush – roller applications shall be less (max. 10 – 20%) compared to spray gun applications. Though, in order to obtain
still a satisfactory result from brush – roller applications, the person who applies the paint shall have the experience in brush – roller
applications.

If structural repairs like those to be done on fillers and epoxy coatings will not be achieved or if there are no peelings, crushes, obvious
deformations on final coat paints, the maintenance of finish coat paint can be done by waxing – polishing operations. Teknomarin
polyurethane finish coat paints accept waxing – polishing operations.

Epoxy-mesh operations shall not be done on inner sections of the boat, otherwise aeration of the wood is prevented. Though, the
wood is taken under protection still by using the epoxy system. On inner sections, after making the wood absorb the impregnating
primer, solventless epoxy paint can be applied preferentially.

Epoxy-mesh wrapping operation is done on the boat only over outer surfaces and not at inside sections. When starting the
wrapping operation on outer sections, the most important fact is that the wood on which the operation will be done shall be
dry, free from humidity, dirt and be well aerated. If the system on the surface will be changed from old polyurethane filler or
from oily filler system to epoxy system, the old material on surface shall be completely removed. Cleaning is done until the
wood is reached. The impregnating primer applied on wood penetrates the wood and protects it from rotting, mould and fungus.
However, if the coating operation is done on a humid wood without aerating it, the humidity trapped inside can cause rotting.

The product consumptions vary according to the structure of the surface, to its defects and specially to the amount of filler
used. The material cost of a complete coating system varies on average between € 50 – 150 per sq.meter. This variation occurs
according to the type of filler to be used and to the thickness of filler. For labor cost, at least an amount equal to material cost
shall be considered.

To perform applications are not in the scope of services of Teknomarin. Our services include the production, the sale of paints
and the survey and reporting of projects at their application phase.

You can consult for this, theoretical and practical coating values included in product technical information sheets. Practical
coating values for solvent containing products, will give more correct product quantities. The mentioned coating values are
given for recommended coat thicknesses, so these figures shall be taken into consideration together.

Paints in bad state exhibit swelling, cracking, blistering and peeling. Problems like these are not observed on old paints which
are in good condition.

No. The important is the selection of correct primer and filler according to the surface of the boat. The required final coat paint
system can be selected only after the operation of forming a correct surface and priming.

Polyester fillers are products developped for automotive industry applications. They have absorption properties and are not
suitable for yacht paint systems. For such small repairs, you can use an epoxy filler (like Teknofiller Repair) which have quick
drying properties.

Varnished surfaces, because of not containing fillers or impregnating primers on their lower layers, get all their protection and
esthetical properties from varnish layers. For this reason, the number of varnish coats to be applied is very important. For a
satisfactory result, we recommend 2 coats of impregnating primer, minimum 10 coats of filler varnish and minimum 8 coats of
finish coat varnish. These minimum application coats provide a performance for one season.

Humidity is too high, temperature is too low, or components A and B are not mixed with correct ratios and not stirred
homogeneously.

Stirring is not done well; there are temperature differences on the body.

Drying at low temperature, excessive use of thinner when mixing the paint, wrong mixing ratio are affecting factors.

The surface preparation is not done smoothly, extra fine sandpaper is used probably, presence of dirt – dust on surface,
excessive anti-silicone additive put in the paint by application responsible or application is done with a paint having the pot life
expired.

Waiting times between coats are exceeded, waiting times are very long, good sanding and cleaning are not done if sanding
between coats is required.

There can be several sources of the problem. Residues of water, oil, silicone, wax or of similar materials can be remaining
on the surface to which the application is done. Besides, residues derived from silicone coming from the inside of painting
equipment or from other activities continued within the environment where painting operation is performed by using materials
derived from silicone, can cause these troubles. If silicone containing waxes are used at maintenance-painting activities done
nearby on other boats or persons having used silicone-paraffin containing perfumes comes to the environment where painting
is done, siliconing can also be seen. In order to resolve the problem, the problematic paint shall be removed from the surface by
scraping it while it is in wet condition. Also, sanding shall be done later at its wet state. The surface shall be then cleaned with a
proper, oil-wax dissolving agent.

Anti-silicone additives contain silicone. Adding them in the paint at an environment where there is silicone pollution, causes the
silicone problem arise less obviously. If at the environment where the paint is applied there is a known silicone pollution, the
main solution is to eliminate this silicone pollution. To add silicone in the applied paint causes usually the growth of the problem
much more; it increases the size of silicone pollution in the environment specially at spray gun applications. For this reason, we
do not recommend the use of anti-silicone additives.

Teknomarin finish coat paints are developped and produced for ensuring the maximum gloss level, with their state in packings.
To add varnishes of Teknomarin brand or of other brand into these products which are ready to be used will not strictly increase
the gloss of finish coat paint, contrarily will prevent you to achieve the result which you expected, by causing curdling, drying
troubles, spreading problems and color decomposition on paint.